Mizo Hnam leh Mizo Ṭawng

By C. Chhuanvawra

Tun ṭumah hian article thar ngat, creative deuh han ziah ka châk deuh hle a; mahse, ziah ṭul tlata hriat ka nei bawk si a, creative vak lo ka han ziak ta zawk a ni, a thar tho va.

Hman kum khan Churachanpur-a MLS-hovin Mizo ṭawng chungchangah seminar neihpui turin MAL min rawn sawm a. Kan Seminar-ah chuan Manipur sawrkara Minister te pawh lo ni tawh Pu Haokholal Thangjom, chutih laia Gangte Tribal Union President kha a lo tel a. Sawi hona kan neih tawp lama a din vawi hnihnaah, "Ka thil ngaihmawh tak, ka hriat thiam theih loh chu Mizo hnahthlak tih hi a ni. Engati nge hnahthlak kan tih kher? Mizo tih hi a tawk mai lo'm ni? Hnahthlak tih hi Mizo tak ni lo, a pêng tihna niin mi tam takin an ngai si a, a dik lo hle a ni. Hei hi tihdanglam ngei a ngai a ni..." tih thu a rawn sawi a.

A thu sawi chuan ka rilru a khawih hle a, Mizo hnahthlak kan sawi dan leh kan têl dan hi a inang lo a ni mai awm mang tak e ka tih phah ta a, ka chhui zui ta a. Mizo tih leh Mizo hnahthlak tih hi kan lo hmang fimkhur mang lo zauh zauh a ni tih ka hmu chhuak ta a. "Pawih thlarau chu Zinghmuhah a kal a, Hmâr thlarau chu Thlanpialah a kal a, Mizo thlarau chu Rih dilah a kal..." tia ziah te pawh a lo awm a lo ni a. Tin, tun hnai khan MZU lamah chhim lam zirlai pakhatin Mizo hnahthlak tih mi sawi dan a ngaih thiam loh thu an sawi ka lo hre thar leh bawk a. Chuvang chuan lo sawiin lo ziak fê tawhin inhre mah ila khawvel hmun hrang hranga Zofate lo chhiar tur ni ngeia rin Americaa Mizote Chapchar Kût souvenir-ah hian Mizo hnam leh ṭawng chungchang hi ziah leh phawt ṭûlin ka hre ta a ni.

Nimahsela, chutianga ngaihmawhawm deuhva ziak leh sawi tawk chu lo awm ve bawk mah se, Mizo nâwlpui hi chuan Mizo zingah hian Mizo bik awma, a hnahthlak chin awm ang chuan kan sawi ngai lo va, kan ngai ngai bawk hek lo. Mizoram a awm a, chutah chuan Mizo zawng zawng kan awm khawm lo va, Burma (Myanmar) ramah te, Bangladesh-ah te, India ram State hrang hrangah te Saphovin min ṭhen darh avangin kan awm darh a. Mizorama Mizote chauh sawi ṭûl chang a awm a, khawvel huapa Mizo zawng zawng sawi ṭûl chang a awm bawk a. History lamah pawh Mizo hnam a hlâwma sawi hun a awm a, a ṭhen a zar sawi hun a awm ṭhin. Mizo hnam hi kan vai huapa a hlâwma sawi a ṭûl chang chuan Mizo hnahthlak kan ti a, Mizo zawng zawng tihna a ni. Chuvangin Mizo hnahthlak tih hi Mizo nâwlpui rilruah chuan Mizo pêng, Mizo zinga chhiar ve, Mizo two tihna ni lovin Mizo hnamin a huam hnam hrang hrangte a vaiin tihna a ni tih hi khawvel hian hre teh se.

A nih leh Mizote hian eng vanga Mizo lo inti nge kan nih ang le? He zawhna hi han chhang ta tliar tliar ila, kan thil hriat a inchen lo ang bawkin nia kan ngaih hi a inang lo viau ang, a chhan nia kan puh chu a hnaivai hlei hlawm khawp ang. Sawi dan hrang hrang pawh a lo awm tawh ṭhin; mahse, chung chu tar lang kher lo mai ila.

Khatia UT kan nih khan Mizoram tih hming hi kan pu ṭan a. UT kan nih hma chuan 1.4.1898-a Lushai Hills an lo tih, a hnua Lushai Hills District an tih kha 1.9.1954-ah Parliament-in Mizo District tiin min dah ta a. Mizo District tia thlak duhtute chuan an pawl hmingah 1946 khan Mizo Union an lo ti tawh a. Mahse, Mizo Union tiha Mizo chu anmahni phuah chhuah a ni lo, 1935 khan Mizo Zirlai Pawl tih a lo ding tawh a. Anni pawh chu Mizo tih hmang ṭantu an ni bik lo, 1903-ah te pawh khan Zosaptharan "Mizo kan ni lawm ilangin" tih hla a lo phuah tawh a, kan Mizo mi hmasate pawhin Mizo, Mizofa, Mizoram tiin hlaah an lo chawi ve nual tawh hlawm.

Zosapthara pawh chu Mizo tih hmang ṭantu a ni bik lo. Pu Buangan 189498 chhunga a lo siam tawh a Dictionary-ah khan a lo ziak daih tawh a. Pu Buanga pawh chuan Mizo upate chu râwn ve tho mah se, Mizorama an lo chhuah hmaa R.B. McCabe-a ziah kha a thu lakna tak chu a nih duh hmel hle.

R.B. McCabe-a chu Lushai Hills-a Political Officer hmasa ber Capt. H.R. Browne-a 1890-a Changsil bula Mizovin an kah hlum tâk thlâk tura lo kal, Mizovin Lalman Sap an tih kha a ni a. Ani khan 1.3.1892-ah heti hian a lo ziak a:

"The Lushais call themselves Mizo or Mizau which term includes the following castes: Ralte, Molbem, Khuangli, Paithe, Taute, Jahau, Dulien, Lakher, Fanai (Molienpui), Poi, Dalang, Tangur, Sukte, Mar, Falam (Tashon), Paukhup, Liellul. In the North Lushai Hills our relations have almost entirely confined to the Duliens, Ralte and Pois. The Lushai chiefs which pedigree is given below are all Duliens, and a large majority of the Eastern Lushai families belong to this Caste." tiin.

Hei hi hmanlai lehkha hluia ziaka Mizo/Mizau tih chuang kan hmuh theih chhun leh a hmasa ber a ni. Hetah hian Pawih hnahthlak zinga hnam ruk - Poi, Falam, Zahau, Khuangli, Fanai leh Lakher a ziak a. Paihte (Paithe) tih ziak thovin Mualbem te, Sukte te, Thaute te, Paukhup te a ziak a. Chung chu amah hrilhtuten Pawih hnahthlak leh Paihte hnahthlak huam kim zo nia an ngaih ni tur a ni. Ṭhangur a ziak a, Lusei hnam dang hming pakhat mah a ziak lo va. Duhlian a ziak a, Duhlian (Tukkhuma sam zialho) zingah Ralte, Hmâr leh Darlawng a ziak leh tho va, a bâk Duhlian zinga hnam hrang hrang hming chu sawi kher ngai lova chiang saah a ngai a ni ang tih a thu kan han tar lan tawp bera "a large majority of the eastern Lushai families belong to this Caste" tih hian a tilang thei a ni.

Amaherawhchu, hnam hming a ziah zingah hian Mizo zinga thlang tla hmasa- Bawng, Mualṭhuam, Pang te leh Hmâr lama phei hmasaho - Kuki (Thahdo) te, Gangte te, Chawhte te, Vaiphei te, Biate te, Hrangkhawl te chu an tel lo va, a mi râwnten an sawi tel lo ni ngei tur a ni. An sawi tel loh chhan chu Mizo hnama an chhiar tel ve loh vang ni lovin McCabe-an a dâwr lai vela an awmna chin an hriat phak tawh loh vang ni ngei tur a ni, an awmna a hla si a, an tlawh pawh ngai tawh bawk si lo va.

Han kual deuh lawk ila. Duhlian tih hi hnam hming leh ṭawng hminga Duhlian tih mi sawi hre ngai lote tan chuan a ngaihna hriat a har deuh mai thei a, han sawi chiang lawk ila. Duhlian tih sawi bo tum tawk te hi an lo awm ve tumhrang bawk ṭhin si a. Duhlian chungchang hi mi tam takin an ziak a; mahse, pakhat chauh tar lan pawh hian a chiang tho vang. G.A. Grierson-a Linguistic Survey of India Vol. 1-ah chuan, "Their name is commonly spelt 'Lushai' but the proper mode, which is employed when speaking of their language is 'Lushei'. They usually called themselves 'Dulien' and their language 'Dulien tawng'," tiin a lo ziak a. Hei hian khang kum zabi 19-na tawp dawn lamah te kha chuan tukkhuma sam zialho sawi nana an hman ber Duhlian tih chu a la lârin an ṭawng hman pawh Lusei tih aiin Duhlian ṭawng an la ti ber a ni tih a tilang chiang tawk hle a ni.

Duhlian tih hi Mizo history ziaktute zinga Hrangṭhiauva pawhin a ziak a, ani ziah dan chuan Mizote hi Mizova thlah kan ni a, Mizova thlahte chu hlâwm thum lian pui puiah an lo arh chho va. Hlâwm khat chu Duhlianho an ni a, hnung lama sam zialho an ni; hlâwm dang chu Hrûmtunga thlahte an ni a, hma lama sam zialho an ni; hlawm dang leh chu Taichênga thlahte an ni a, sam phiarho an ni. Duhlianho chuan hma lama sam zialho chu Pawih an ti a, anni'n Hmar (Mar) an ti thung a. Tin, Duhlianho chuan sam phiarho chu Paihte an ti a, anni'n Duhlian an ti thung a ni a ti.

Tichuan McCabe-a ziah leh Hrangṭhiauva ziah aṭang chuan Mizo chu Mizo hnahthlak kan tihin a huam zawng - Pawih hnahthlak zawng zawng te, Paihte tihin a huap zawng zawng te, Duhlian an tih tukkhuma sam zial ṭhin zawng zawngte thlahte hi kan ni.

Kan chenna ram leh bial a hrang thluah mai; mahse, thlah khat kan ni. Kan ṭawng inang lo lai a awm nual tawh; mahse hnam khat kan ni. Chi hming hrang hrang kan pu hlawm; mahse, kan vaiin unau kan ni a, Mizo vek kan ni.

Mizo hnahthlakte Mizo nihnaa min phuar khawmtu ber chu Thisen a ni. Hnam khat kan nihzia tehna hrang hrangin han inteh ila, thlah khat kan nihzia a chiang. Chu chu pawm tlata Mizo nia inhriata, nih zel duh tlat hi a pawimawh.

Mizo hnahthlak zinga chi peng ṭhenkhat hnam danga lut tawk an awm nual, a pawi hle, tih ngaihna a awm tawh si lo. Hnam danga lut lo, Mizo hnahthlak zinga tel reng chunga inti-Mizo lo deuh bik nih pawh hi a ṭha lo, a zahthlak. Mizo hnam peng ni si "Mizo ka ni lo, Hmâr ka ni" ti te, "Kei chu Paihte ka ni" ti tlat te, "Chin ka ni/Lai ka ni" ti ṭhinte an awm tih mi sawi kan hre ṭhin. Heng hi a pawiin a zahthlak hle, tu man an ngai ropui kher lo vang; mahse, heng hi mi mal thil ni deuh vekin a lang a, a chi hlâwma inti-Mizo duh lo an nih loh chuan hriat thiam a ṭha, an lung a la rawn leng ve leh mai ang.

E khai, a Mizo hnahthlak tih lai boruakah kan châm rei ta a, Mizo kan intih chhan lam pawh kan la sawi lo. Kan sawi tawh aṭang khan a kir zawngin han chhunzawm thar leh ila.

Kan sawi tâk McCabe-a thu lo ziahte kha ama puala a ziah a ni lo va, kan pi leh pute sawi a ziah a ni a. Khatih laia kan pi leh pute rilruah khan kan hnam chu Mizo a ni tih hi a chiangin a nghet tâwk a, Mizo hnahthlak zawng zawng hi Mizo hnamah an pawm nghet hle a ni tih a zu hriat theih a ni. Mizo hnahthlakte hi Grierson-aten Kuki-Chin ti mah se, anmahni chuan Kuki an inti ngai lo va, Chin pawh an inti ngai lo. Kum 1871-a Mary Winchester an man khan a hmingah Zoluti an sa a, chu chuan Mizo nia an inngaihzia a tilang a. Khatih laia an chanchin ziaktu TH Lewin-a pawh khan, "The generic name of the whole nation is Dzo" a lo ti bawk a, Zo tihna ngei a ni a. Tin, an khaw hmingte pawh Zopui te, Zobâwk te an ti a, chung chu Mizo tih keng hming a ni bawk.

Amaherawhchu, ka sawi tâkte hma lamah kha chuan Ṭiau thlang lamah chuan Sapho nen an la inpawh mang lo bawk a, "Mizo tih leh a tlukpui thu dang ziah a awm lo a nih a rinawm, a lo awm a nih pawhin kan la hai chhuak rih lo a ni ang. Burmese history lamah erawh chuan Zo te, Yo te, Sho te chu a awm an ti a; mahse chung chu kan pi leh pute chanchin Mizo upate sawi zinga hla ber Chhinlung nen emaw thu dang nen emaw kan chhui zawm thei mang si lo; a hming lo inang deuh ringawt mah se, chanchin inman tawn sawi theih a awm si lo.

Mizo ziahah erawh chuan Mizo tih kan hmu nual. Saikuti hlaa 'Mizo' tih awm te, Pu K. Zawla hla ziah zinga 'Keimah Mizopa' tih awm te, Pu Zatluangan Than tlanga an awm laia Mizo tia koh lo ni ṭan ta nia a ziah te kha a ni. Mahse, heng hi han chhui zui ngaihna awm lo, thu bulbal nei mang lo te an ni a, ziaka dah a lo nih avanga sawi ve ṭhin loh theih loh, mahse, pawm harsa tak a ni hlawm.

Pu Hrangṭhiauva pawhin Mizo hi Mizova thlahte kan ni a ti ve a. A Mizo Chanchin (History and Culture of the Mizos) bua Zachhinga sawi a tar lan zuia sawi a ni a; mahse, hei pawh hi chhui zui ngaihna a vâng tho. Amaherawhchu, Mizo hnam leh chi peng lian leh tê zawng zawng deuhthaw hming mihring hming a nih deuh vek vanga Mizo thlahtu pawh Mizova nia a ring erawh hi chu chhuidawn thu rau rauvah chuan pawm nuam thei chi tak chu a ni.

Mizoten Mizo kan intih chhan ziaktu dang chu Pu B. Lalthangliana a ni a, ani chuan Lallula Zopui khaw hming chawia Mizo lo inti zui ta nia a ngaih thu a History of Mizo in Burma bu leh Mizo Identity seminar-a a paper-ah a ziak a; mahse, a ngaih dan chu miin an pawmpui lem lo nia a lan bakah amah pawhin a hnu lama Mizo history bu a ziahah pawh a sawi leh ngai tawh lo.

Rev. Zaireman Who are the Mizos? tih a ziaha Lallula Zopui khaw chawia Mizo lo inti ta nia a ngaih thu a ziah pawh pawmpuitu an awm chuang lo niin a lang bawk.

Thil awm dan chu khati kha a ni a, thu ziak lamah chuan a Zo a Sapin kan pi leh puten Mizo an lo intih chhan ber ni awm lanna kan hmu lo va, ṭawngkaa thu inhlan chhawnah pawh hriat kan nei chuang lo. Kan thu chu a tawp ta der mai. Mizo history a bul lam aṭanga chhuia Mongolian race, Tibeto-Chinese, TibetoBurman, Assam-Burmese branch, Kuki-Chin group tia linguist-ten an rawn chhui thlak chu Mizo tih nena a inzawm dan kan vuah rem thei rih lo a ni. Chu tak chu kan history ke tibaitu, ṭhangthar mi thiamten an dap chhuaha an tihdam ngai, hmabâk ko tak chu a ni.

A sei tawh deuh naa Mizo ṭawng lam han sawi tel leh hrâm ila. Hemi lamah pawh hian ka sawi châk zawk tak chu a hman dan dik lo chungchang a ni a; mahse, tunlai hian burning topic a awm tlat mai a, chu lam chu ka sawi zawk mai ang. Chu chu hei hi a ni. "Mizo ṭawng hi a piang mek a ni" tih leh "Mizo ṭawng kan tih hi Mizo ṭawng a ni lo va, a hming hi thlak ni rawh se" tih hi a ni. Tun hnai deuh mai aṭang khan "Mizo ṭawng hi a piang mek a ni" ti pawl an lo awm thar a. Ṭhenkhat chuan ṭawngkam ngaihnobei tak leh philosophy ril tak ang pawhin an ngai ngeiin a rinawm. Hetia an tih hian Mizo ṭawng tia kan hman mêk hi Lusei ṭawng, Duhlian ṭawng tih ṭhin kha a ni a, Mizo ṭawng a ni lo, Mizo ṭawng tih tling tur chu a piang mêk a ni an tihna a ni.

Mahse, mipui nâwlpui leh ziak mi tam takte hi chuan Mizo ṭawng chu piang daih tawha ṭhang chho mek angin an ngai thung. Chutianga ngaitute chuan ṭhahnem ngai takin Mizo ṭawng chu ṭawng ṭha tak a ni a, humhalha, tihmasawna, tihphuisuia, tichangtlung tura ṭawng dang leh Mizo hnahthlak ṭawngte pawh lak luh belh zel tur a ni an ti thung.

Tichuan Mizo ṭawng hi piantir tum chi nge nia kan hriata ṭhantir tur zawk le?

Tuna Mizo ṭawng kan tih hi Mizo ṭawng a ni lo va, thlak ni rawh se titute chuan Mizo ṭawng kan tih hi Lusei ṭawng kan tih ṭhin Duhlian ṭawng kha a ni a; Mizo hnahthlakte ṭawng hi a vai hian Mizo ṭawng a ni a, Duhlian ṭawng hi chung zinga pakhat chu a ni, chuvangin Mizo ṭawng kan tih hi Duhlian ṭawng tia thlak ni rawh se an ti a ni. Duhlian ṭawng tia thlak a nih chuan Mizo ṭawng tih bik awm tawh lovin Mizo hnahthlak ṭawng a ni vek ang a, Mizo Duhlian ṭawng, Mizo Hmâr ṭawng, Mizo Paihte ṭawng, Mizo Lai ṭawng, Mizo Mara ṭawng tiin kan sawi hrang thliah thliah tawh dawn a ni an ti a ni.

Hetiang zawnga ngaitute hi mi tam takin lungtât par hun nghak ang maia nghah chhuah tur awm lova an rin Indigeneous people kalkawng aṭanga Mizoram thar, Mizo zawng zawng awm khawmna tur lo la ding ngei dawna ringtute an ni deuh hlawm. Chung mite chuan Eight Schedule-a Mizo ṭawng dah luh pawh hi ṭha an ti lo va, thu romei kaiah an lung a leng ni awm takin a lang.

An sawi ang hian Mizo ṭawng hming chu thlak ta ila, mi min awh huai huaina a ram puma common language kan nei te hi a lo bo tawh ang a, ram thar chu a lo thleng leh si lo a nih phei chuan Hrangsaipuian ama dawi sa a ei ang mai leh in kâng tak tak lo puia a kan hlauva Chhura'n a sekibuhchhuak a paih chhuak ang mai kha kan ni mai lo vang maw?